In Brief
- Birth anniversary: Madam Bhikaji Cama was born on September 24, 1861, in Bombay (now Mumbai).
- Historic flag event: She unfurled an early version of the Indian national flag at the International Socialist Congress in Stuttgart, Germany, on August 22, 1907.
- Revolutionary title: Historical records and national tributes refer to her as the "Mother of the Indian Revolution" for her revolutionary activities in Europe.
India commemorated the birth anniversary of revolutionary freedom fighter Madam Bhikaji Cama on September 24, 2026. Born into a prominent Parsi family in Bombay in 1861, Cama spent decades advocating for Indian independence from British colonial rule, operating largely from Europe after relocating to London and later Paris in the early 1900s.
On August 22, 1907, Cama became the first person to hoist an early design of the Indian national flag on foreign soil during the International Socialist Congress held in Stuttgart, Germany. The tricolor flag featured green, saffron, and red stripes representing unity across Indian religious communities, eight lotus flowers representing British Indian provinces, and the words "Vande Mataram" inscribed across the central panel.
